Sharīʿa and the Islamic State in 19th-Century Sudan

Sharīʿa and the Islamic State in 19th-Century SudanThe Sudanese Mahd headed a millenarian, revivalist, reformist movement in Islam, strongly inspired by Salaf and f ideas, in late 19th century in an attempt to restore the Caliphate of the Prophet and Righteous Caliphs in Medina. As the Successor of the Prophet, the Mahd was conceived of as the political head of the Islamic state and its supreme religious authority. On the basis of his legal opinions, decisions, proclamations and traditions attributed

Brontë's novels are deformed by hunger

and the usual challenges of fieldwork to collect fossil remains and make major discoveries

formalized as a canon

The “biographical ” entries provide (i) a brief vita of the targeted thinker

Their analysis asks what is historically specific to capitalism's crises while avoiding catastrophic or defeatist claims

The Shrinking Political Arena: Participation and Ethnicity in African Politics

sinnstiftende Kategorie

Keine ausführliche Beschreibung für "Organisation und Wandel" verfügbar

can shape and sustain the identity of a terrorist as well as their subsequent justification for violence and the legitimacy of their actions

Resolute Japan offers a rare and insightful perspective on the new corporate fabric of Japan

few training programs for physicians

Parallel Systems: Redundancy in Government challenges the conventional wisdom that efficiency in public administration is best achieved by eliminating duplication